First Aid Badge Level 2

 

FIRST AID LEVEL 2

1.    Discuss the limitations of your knowledge as a first aider and the importance of getting adult help quickly.

First aid is emergency care given immediately to an injured person.

We use first aid to minimize injury and future disability.

In serious cases, first aid may be necessary to keep the victim alive.

You should get an adult to help because they are stronger and more able to do CPR. Also, they have more experience in first aid and understanding danger.

 

2.    Show you understand DRABC.

 DRSABC is what you do in Frist Aid when you see someone is in danger or has had an accident. DRSABCD is an acronym meaning:

Ø  D stands for danger: Check for Danger. If there is danger don’t approach the person. If there isn’t danger, you can go and help them.

Ø  R is for response: Check for a response from the person. An example is to yell at them or ask them a question. If they’re not responding, go into the next letter….

Ø  S stands for Sends: Send for help! You can do this by sending a text or calling 000.

Ø  A for Airway: Check if there is anything blocking their airway that’s making them not be able to breath. An example could be some plastic, vomit or their tongue.

Ø  B for breathing: Check if they are breathing. If they are breathing, put them in the Recovery position. If they are not breathing, go onto the next letter.

Ø  C stands for CPR: Apply CPR which is pushing down on the person’s chest at the rate of your heartbeat, which is 72 beats per minute. And then doing some quick breathes into their mouth. CPR stands for cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

 This is the video I watched to teach me about this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yBDk_dlzvaQ

 

3.    Demonstrate how to place someone into the recovery position and to open and keep the airway clear.

Here is a video of me putting my Dad into the recovery position. You use the Recovery position when someone is breathing but unconscious.

 This is the video I watched to teach me about this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KFo4u19TxPE

4.    Show how to clean and dress a gravel rash or abrasion.

A ‘cut’ is a full break to the skin and a ‘graze’ is when the top few layers of skin comes off.

To treat a cut or graze:

·         First you clean a cut or graze with an alcohol wipe or clean cloth to stop infection and also to remove gravel or dirt from the cut or graze. Make sure it is dry.

·         Then you apply a pressure to stop the bleeding (use gauze if you have it) and apply a plaster or bandage.

·         Then you raise the injured limb. This helps stop the blood flow.

·         Wear gloves if you have them so you don’t spread your germs to them.

 

This is the video I watched to teach me about this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4e7evinsfm0

5.    Show how to treat a bleeding wound on the body and on a limb.

Put a gauze on the place where the skin is bleeding. Then ask the person to apply pressure to the gauze if they are able to. Then use a bandage and wrap it around the gauze quite tightly from the wrist upward on the arm, or the ankle upward on the leg. If it does not stop bleeding, then put more gauze and bandage on top of what is already there. But whatever you do, don’t take off the first gauze. 

 This is the video I watched to teach me about this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y1G8XQb0WBc

 

6.    Explain heat related conditions and how you should treat a patient showing the signs and symptoms of these.

If you have too much heat, your body can’t handle it. You might have been in the sun too long or not had enough water. What happens to your body is that you start to sweat, feel sick, dizziness cramps, fast pulse, lose your appetite and get headaches. Sometimes you might need First Aid treatment for this. Here is what you do:

·         Help the person to a cool place

·         Make the person lie down

·         Give them lots of water and an “isontonic drink’ to replace the salt they have lost

·         Raise the person’s legs on a chair or bag or anything else you have.

·         Keep checking their breathing.

·         If they don’t get better, put in the recovery person and call for help.

 

This is the video I watched to teach me about this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6VdoV8dZRc

 

7.    Discuss the common causes of burns and scalds and show how to treat them.

 

A ‘Burn’ is from dry heat like an iron or fire. A ‘Scald’ is from wet heat like hot water or steam.

 Signs of a burn include:

 

·         Redness

·         Swelling

·         Blisters

·         Peeling skin

·         White or scorched skin

 

To treat a burn:

·         Apply cold water for at least 10 minutes

·         Don’t apply gel, cream or ointment – this can cause infection.

·         Apply cling wrap on the area, not a bandage, or a clean plastic bag to cover and protect the burn.

·         Call 000 if the burn is on a child, if it’s on the face, hands or feet, if it’s deep or very large. 

This is the video I watched about burns:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EaJmzB8YgS0

 8. Show how to treat:

a. snake and funnel web spider bites.

 

·         Use the DRABC

·         Try to see if the snake is still around.

·         Assume the snake is poisonous and treat it that way.

·         Keep the person very still so that the poison travels slower.

·         Don’t wash the bite because when the doctors get to hospital they will have to do a test to see if the snake bite was poisonous or not.

·         Use some gauze to cover the bite. Then use a bandage to wrap around it and apply pressure. Go from hand or toe upwards.

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjP1FaOCizQ

 

b. other spider bites.

For poisonous spiders:

·         Clean wound site

·         Apply direct pressure

·         Put an ice pack on top

·         Make sure the patient doesn’t move to stop the spread of venom.

·         Call 000 or go to hospital for anti-venom.

 

c. insect bites.

·         If there’s a sting there, try to brush it out with a bank card or your finger nail.

·         Clean the area

·         Apply a damp cloth or ice pack

·         Raise the area

·         Look out for skin infection

·         Don’t itch!

·         Use an antihistamine or steroid cream if it’s itchy or swollen

 Videos I watched:

 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wdDi7KNXUNw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wFdn8vMioio

 

9. Discuss how to use land and mobile phones in an emergency and deliver a message to an adult over 100 metres away. The message is to include information on time, state/territory, number of casualties and condition of casualties.